R&D Receives $195 Billion in 2023 Federal Budget
After months of back-and-forth, the United States Congress agreed to a $1.7 trillion spending bill for Fiscal Year 2023 on December 20, 2022, with President Biden signing it into law on December 29. The omnibus bill funds the federal government through September 30, 2023, and provides $195.2 billion for R&D funding, about a 10.3% increase from FY 2022.
Most agencies conducting R&D received a substantial funding boost in the 2023 budget. The National Science Foundation (NSF) budget grew by 12% to $9.9 billion (the CHIPS and Science Act, passed last summer to fund semiconductor manufacturing and research in the US, calls for doubling the NSF budget over the next 5 years). Within that appropriation is $680 million earmarked for the NSF’s new directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships (TIPS). Created last year, TIPS is focused on “use-inspired” R&D, for example, fast-tracking collaborations between research and industry to bring new technologies to market and bolstering research in geographic areas with little R&D infrastructure.
Responsible for furthering US innovation and industrial prowess, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) also got a bump in appropriations in the omnibus bill. Its budget for 2023 will be $1.6 billion, up 32% from last year, with funding earmarked for creating new semiconductor manufacturing institutes as part of a technology innovation network program (also intended to meet goals set in the CHIPS Act).
The largest overall funder of US scientific research, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), saw its total budget grow by 5.6%, or $2.5 billion, to $47.5 billion (much more than the $274 million increase requested by the Biden administration). Within the NIH, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) got a 2.8% increase, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) saw a 3.8% boost, for total budgets of $7.1 billion and $6.6 billion, respectively.
The Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H), a new agency created in March 2022 to focus on breakthrough medical research, was allocated $1.5 billion (up 50% from the $1 billion appropriated last year when it was founded). Residing under the umbrella of the NIH yet operationally independent of it, the agency does not yet have a physical location. The funding comes with the stipulation that the agency cannot be located on the grounds of the NIH, and selection and construction of ARPA-H’s permanent home is expected to come.
Congress also provided the Department of Energy (DOE)’s Office of Science with more funding than originally proposed by the Biden administration. The agency, which is the largest source of physical science research funding in the US, received $8.1 billion (up 8.4% from 2022 and more than twice the 3.9% requested by the White House). The Science and Technology arm of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which is recovering after staffing shortages and funding rollbacks during the Trump administration, got $802.3 million in the budget (a 6.9% raise). Those appropriations include a 7.6% hike for Clear Air Act research and come after the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) passed in August 2022 allocated $190 million for air monitoring in communities located close to industrial production and other sources of pollution.
Overall, these windfalls for federal R&D will benefit the analytical instruments industry. The focus on semiconductor research and manufacturing laid out in last year’s CHIPS Act and fleshed out in 2023 appropriations for several agencies and institutes will support demand for microscopy and materials analysis technologies. Domestic manufacturing initiatives advanced by the Biden Administration, including CHIPS Act funding and programs administered by the TIPS directorate, will help strengthen demand from industrial end markets, and their focus on environmental monitoring will do the same for environmental testing. And though the flurry of pandemic-related research has slowed, NIH funding for cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and other disease research will boost demand for life science instruments, microscopy, lab automation, and emerging next-generation proteomics technologies.